web侠客行（十七）--微信公众号开发教程

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python

官方文档使用的python，当然也可以使用nginx,apache,jvm(springboot)

python 版本2.7，linux默认安装2.7版本。

安装 web.py

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easy_install web.py

写服务端程序

main.py

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# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# filename: main.py
import web

urls = (
    '/wx', 'Handle',
)

class Handle(object):
    def GET(self):
        return "hello, this is handle view"

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = web.application(urls, globals())
    app.run()

启动web服务

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// 默认8080端口
python main.py

// 启动80端口
python main.py 80

验证服务端

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http://139.9.2.241:8080/wx

python web 深入学习

参考文章：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_22194315/article/details/79114533

webpy官方：http://webpy.org/install.zh-cn

code.py

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import web
from web import form

render = web.template.render('templates/')

urls = ('/', 'index')
app = web.application(urls, globals())

myform = form.Form(
    form.Textbox("boe"),
    form.Textbox("bax",
        form.notnull,
        form.regexp('\d+', 'Must be a digit'),
        form.Validator('Must be more than 5', lambda x:int(x)>5)),
    form.Textarea('moe'),
    form.Checkbox('curly'),
    form.Dropdown('french', ['mustard', 'fries', 'wine']))

class index:
    def GET(self):
        form = myform()
        # make sure you create a copy of the form by calling it (line above)
        # Otherwise changes will appear globally
        print(form.render())
        return render.formtest(form)

    def POST(self):
        form = myform()
        if not form.validates():
            print(form.render())
            return render.formtest(form)
        else:
            # form.d.boe and form['boe'].value are equivalent ways of
            # extracting the validated arguments from the form.
            return "Grrreat success! boe: %s, bax: %s" % (form.d.boe, form['bax'].value)

if __name__=="__main__":
    web.internalerror = web.debugerror
    app.run()

templates/formtest.html

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$def with (form)

<div align="center">
<form name="main" method="post">
$if not form.valid: <p class="error">Try again, AmeriCAN:</p>
$:form.render()
<input type="submit" />
</form>
<div>

微信公众号服务器基本配置

改写main.py

增加Handle

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# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# filename: main.py
import web
from handle import Handle

urls = (
    '/wx', 'Handle',
)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = web.application(urls, globals())
    app.run()

新增handle.py

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# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# filename: handle.py

import hashlib
import web

class Handle(object):
    def GET(self):
        try:
            data = web.input()
            if len(data) == 0:
                return "hello, this is handle view"
            signature = data.signature
            timestamp = data.timestamp
            nonce = data.nonce
            echostr = data.echostr
            token = "hundsunsoft" #请按照公众平台官网\基本配置中信息填写

            list = [token, timestamp, nonce]
            list.sort()
            sha1 = hashlib.sha1()
            map(sha1.update, list)
            hashcode = sha1.hexdigest()
            print "handle/GET func: hashcode, signature: ", hashcode, signature
            if hashcode == signature:
                return echostr
            else:
                return ""
        except Exception, Argument:
            return Argument

token为hundsunsoft

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URL: http://139.9.2.241
Token: hundsunsoft
EncodingAESKey:x7bluXURDvLSYfQdW58Ch6nO3QVdbdjG76OfWtdjeyb

点击提交，显示提交成功即可。

微信公众号实现你问我答

代码改写

改写handle.py

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# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# filename: handle.py
import hashlib
import reply
import receive
import web

class Handle(object):
    def POST(self):
        try:
            webData = web.data()
            print "Handle Post webdata is ", webData
   #后台打日志
            recMsg = receive.parse_xml(webData)
            if isinstance(recMsg, receive.Msg) and recMsg.MsgType == 'text':
                toUser = recMsg.FromUserName
                fromUser = recMsg.ToUserName
                content = "test"
                replyMsg = reply.TextMsg(toUser, fromUser, content)
                return replyMsg.send()
            else:
                print "暂且不处理"
                return "success"
        except Exception, Argment:
            return Argment

receive.py

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# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-# filename: receive.py
import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
def parse_xml(web_data):
    if len(web_data) == 0:
        return None
    xmlData = ET.fromstring(web_data)
    msg_type = xmlData.find('MsgType').text
    if msg_type == 'text':
        return TextMsg(xmlData)
    elif msg_type == 'image':
        return ImageMsg(xmlData)

class Msg(object):
    def __init__(self, xmlData):
        self.ToUserName = xmlData.find('ToUserName').text
        self.FromUserName = xmlData.find('FromUserName').text
        self.CreateTime = xmlData.find('CreateTime').text
        self.MsgType = xmlData.find('MsgType').text
        self.MsgId = xmlData.find('MsgId').text
        
class TextMsg(Msg):
    def __init__(self, xmlData):
        Msg.__init__(self, xmlData)
        self.Content = xmlData.find('Content').text.encode("utf-8")
        
class ImageMsg(Msg):
    def __init__(self, xmlData):
        Msg.__init__(self, xmlData)
        self.PicUrl = xmlData.find('PicUrl').text
        self.MediaId = xmlData.find('MediaId').text

reply.py

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# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-# filename: reply.py
import time

class Msg(object):
    def __init__(self):
        pass
    def send(self):
        return "success"
        
class TextMsg(Msg):
    def __init__(self, toUserName, fromUserName, content):
        self.__dict = dict()
        self.__dict['ToUserName'] = toUserName
        self.__dict['FromUserName'] = fromUserName
        self.__dict['CreateTime'] = int(time.time())
        self.__dict['Content'] = content
    def send(self):
        XmlForm = """
        <xml>
        <ToUserName><![CDATA[{ToUserName}]]></ToUserName>
        <FromUserName><![CDATA[{FromUserName}]]></FromUserName>
        <CreateTime>{CreateTime}</CreateTime>
        <MsgType><![CDATA[text]]></MsgType>
        <Content><![CDATA[{Content}]]></Content>
        </xml>
        """
        return XmlForm.format(**self.__dict)

class ImageMsg(Msg):
    def __init__(self, toUserName, fromUserName, mediaId):
        self.__dict = dict()
        self.__dict['ToUserName'] = toUserName
        self.__dict['FromUserName'] = fromUserName
        self.__dict['CreateTime'] = int(time.time())
        self.__dict['MediaId'] = mediaId
    def send(self):
        XmlForm = """
        <xml>
        <ToUserName><![CDATA[{ToUserName}]]></ToUserName>
        <FromUserName><![CDATA[{FromUserName}]]></FromUserName>
        <CreateTime>{CreateTime}</CreateTime>
        <MsgType><![CDATA[image]]></MsgType>
        <Image>
        <MediaId><![CDATA[{MediaId}]]></MediaId>
        </Image>
        </xml>
        """
        return XmlForm.format(**self.__dict)

运行 python main.py 80 启动服务

获取access_token

获取密码，设置服务器白名单，139.9.2.241

使用get方法获取access_token

https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/token?grant_type=client_credential&appid=APPID&secret=APPSECRET

APPID=wx95c7d4b8439da02f
SECRET=5951b9dfc78dcdbd7400c0a5534df08b

组合起来，服务器上运行

curl ‘https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/token?grant_type=client_credential&appid=wx95c7d4b8439da02f&secret=5951b9dfc78dcdbd7400c0a5534df08b'

取得access_token

在线测试

浏览器登陆 https://mp.weixin.qq.com/debug/

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接口类型：向用户发送消息
接口列表：文本消息
access_token: 填入上一步取得的access_token
body: {"msg":"helloworld!你好，世界！"}

body必须发送json报文，点击 检查问题，调试程序。
返回信息：

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向用户发送消息: 发送客服消息接口 /message/custom/send
请求地址：
https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/message/custom/send?access_token=hundsunsoft
返回结果:
200	OK
Connection: keep-alive
Date: Mon, 10 Jun 2019 09:25:50 GMT
Content-Type: application/json; encoding=utf-8
Content-Length: 110
{
    "errcode": 48001, 
    "errmsg": "api unauthorized hint: [34zi4a01398964!]"
}
报错：没权限
48001	接口功能未授权，请确认公众号已获得该权限

到接口权限列表中查询使用接口是否有权限

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https://mp.weixin.qq.com/advanced/advanced?action=table&token=1352603894&lang=zh_CN

微信接口

获取access_token

https请求方式: GET

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https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/token?grant_type=client_credential&appid=APPID&secret=APPSECRET

要求填入APPID和APPSECRET
-->